(1) The benchmark for mathematics content standard 2 for a student at the end of grade 8 is the ability to:

(a) use the four basic operations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and integers;

(b) use mental mathematics and number sense in using order of operations and order relations for whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and integers;

(c) use the relationships and applications of ratio, proportion, percent, and scientific notation; and

(d) develop and apply number theory concepts (e.g., primes, factors, multiples) in real-world and mathematical problem situations.