(1) An eighth-grade student at the novice level in mathematics is beginning to attain the prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental. He/she gives responses that exhibit significant difficulty in understanding basic concepts, reasoning, implementing problem solving strategies, and making connections. Basic skills, representations, structure, and process development are severely lacking even though the student may attempt to solve problems. Substantial errors and lack of communication skills hinder the student's progress.

(a) The student demonstrates these abilities under content standard 1 in the areas of:

(i) rational number relationships;

(ii) estimation and reasonableness;

(iii) number theory;

(iv) rational number operations;

(v) metric and standard measurement; and

(vi) proportional reasoning.

(b) The student demonstrates these abilities under content standard 2 in the areas of:

(i) representing and comparing data;

(ii) evaluating data and making conjectures; and

(iii) finding probability and predicting.

(c) The student demonstrates these abilities under content standard 3 in the areas of:

(i) properties of solids and figures;

(ii) congruence and similarity;

(iii) transformations including dilations;

(iv) angles, surface area, and volume; and

(v) justifying relationships.

(d) The student demonstrates these abilities under content standard 4 in the areas of:

(i) representing and generalizing patterns;

(ii) linear functions;

(iii) multi-step equations and inequalities;

(iv) equivalent algebraic expressions; and

(v) linear modeling.