(1) The benchmark for mathematics content standard 2 for a student upon graduation is the ability to:

(a) select, create, and compare graphical or numerical representations of data sets using technology when appropriate and reason about distributions using measures of central tendency and spread (e.g., percentiles, quartiles, inter-quartile range, and standard deviation);

(b) evaluate the validity of reports based on collected and/or published data by considering the source of the data, the design of the study, and the way data are displayed, analyzed, and interpreted;

(c) make, evaluate, and justify decisions based on probabilities in multicultural situations, including those of Montana American Indians (e.g., finding expected value and using rules of probability);

(d) use technology as needed to determine the possible number of outcomes for an event or compound event using the fundamental counting principle, permutations, combinations, and other systematic counting methods; and

(e) model two-variable data using curve fitting with and without technology and write an equation for a given model and decide when or if predictions based on this equation are valid.