(1) A graduating student at the novice level in speaking and listening is beginning to attain prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental at each benchmark in speaking and listening. He/she:

(a) sometimes recognizes speaking and listening as important processes that create meaning and influence thought and decision-making;

(b) seldom distinguishes among appropriate types of speaking and listening for a limited range of audiences, purposes, and situations;

(c) applies a limited range of speaking skills and strategies, but has difficulty, even with assistance, creating an organized message using appropriate verbal and nonverbal language;

(d) applies a limited range of listening skills and strategies (e.g., monitoring understanding, recognizing and analyzing logical and emotional appeals, making personal associations with the message) ;

(e) begins to describe appreciative listening experiences by analyzing, with assistance, the presentation;

(f) identifies and analyzes, with assistance, the impact of presentations on self and others, but seldom uses feedback to adjust speaking and listening behaviors; and

(g) begins to demonstrate some sensitivity to the legal and ethical issues associated with communication.